2. Policy on use of artificial intelligence by authors

As PJR is a member of ICMJE and COPE and follows the guidelines on ethics and authorship
recommended by these two universally accepted organizations, thus the rules for use of
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE  -CHATBOT will also be followed by PJR, as stated below:

“At submission, the authors should disclose whether they used artificial intelligence (AI)–assisted
technologies (such as Large Language Models [LLMs], chatbots, or image creators) in the production
of submitted work. Authors who use such technology should describe, in both the cover letter and
the submitted work, how they used it. Chatbots (such as ChatGPT) should not be listed as authors
because they cannot be responsible for the accuracy, integrity, and originality of the work, and these
responsibilities are required for authorship (see Section II.A.1). Therefore, humans are responsible
for any submitted material that included the use of AI-assisted technologies. Authors should
carefully review and edit the result because AI can generate authoritative-sounding output that can
be incorrect, incomplete, or biased. Authors should not list AI and AI assisted technologies as an
author or co-author, nor cite AI as an author. Authors should be able to assert that there is no
plagiarism in their paper, including in text and images produced by the AI. Humans must ensure
there is appropriate attribution of all quoted material, including full citations” Committee on
Publication Ethics (COPE). (13 February 2023). Authorship and AI tools: COPE position
statement. https://publicationethics.org/cope-position-statements/ai-author

Up-Dated ICMJE Recommendations (January 2024)

The ICMJE updated the Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and
Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals.:

All work conducted with the assistance of artificial intelligence technology should be
acknowledged (Sections II.A.3 and 4 and IV.A.3.d)

Use of artificial intelligence in the review process (Sections II.C.2.a and II.C.3)

Available on: Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals. (Updated January 2024) https://www.icmje.org/icmje-
recommendations.pdf.